Nursing Implications For Practice - 1165 Words

Caring in Nursing: Implications for Practice A hospital setting can be a frustrating situation for the patient and the family member. The nurses help patients cope with their stressful problems through the act of caring. Caring is a key component in nursing practice as it helps to improves the overall health status of the patient. Swanson’s (1991) middle-range theory of caring gives a more understanding of this concept. As cited in Moffa (2015), according to Swanson (1991) caring is defined as â€Å"a nurturing way of relating to a valued other person, towards whom one feels a personal sense of commitment and responsibility† (p. 64). Swanson’s theory of caring uses five processes to meet the patients’ needs efficiently. These five processes†¦show more content†¦The second process of Swanson’s (1991) theory of caring is being with, which is being emotionally present for the patient. It involves the patient sharing their feelings with the nurse whether it is sadness, joy, stress or f ear. Being there for a patient involves giving them time, letting them know that the nurse is available, actively listening, and providing reflecting responses (Andershed, 2009). Assuring the patient that the nurse is there for them and is ready to listen to everything that they have to say is an important aspect in providing care. It conveys the message to the patient that the nurse appreciates and respects their feelings. An example of being there would be a nurse answering the patient’s call bell. This builds the patient’s trust in the nurse and the patients knows that their nurse is going to be there to help them whenever they call. The third process of Swanson’s (1991) caring theory caring is doing for, which is helping the patient with performing tasks that they cannot do themselves. Doing for a patient involves anticipating their needs, comforting them, protecting them by following safe practices and preforming procedures skillfully (Andershed, 2009). It can be frustrating for the patient when they are dependent on others. Therefore, the nurse must provide care in such a manner that preserves the dignity of the patient. An example of doing for is assessing a patient’s pain and coming up with a

Assessment of the View that it is Rational to Believe that...

Assessment of the View that it is Rational to Believe that there is a God Rational: To be rational is to think logically and within reason. To base your thoughts on evidence, and then use that evidence to come to a rational conclusion. Motivation: To be motivated to do or think something, normally the motivation will be because it will benefit you in the long run. Many philosophers use theses types of words when talking about whether or not it is rational to believe in god. Pascal for instance thinks that you should believe in God as you will gain more from it when you pass away if he does exist, i.e. going to heaven, whereas if you dont believe in God and it turns out he does in fact exists†¦show more content†¦Kierkegaard thinks that reasons are irrelevant to religious faith and that you should believe blindingly. Kierkegaards whole point is that this is to narrow conception of rationality; its too limited to have anything substantial to say abut religious belief. Again an argument against this is that truth is an objective matter, my belief in God can only be said to be true if and only if there is a God. Whether or not there is a God is something that is independent of my believing or not believing that there is a God. These philosophers have all come up with substantial and plausible arguments for why it is rational to believe in God, there are two philosophers that I am going to look at next who would disagree. Flew is an atheist and believes in falsification that you do not truly believe in something unless you are willing to agree to what is false about it, that to actually believe in something you have to see what could be false about it and not believe blindingly. This clashes with what Kierkegaard thinks as he think you should believe in God blindingly. Personally I would have to agree with Flew in this situation because to believe in something you have to understand and notice what could be wrong or false about it, otherwiseShow MoreRelatedThe Perspective of Rational Choice 1552 Words   |  7 PagesThe rational choice perspective is a great way of understanding society and larger systems. When I read in our book how human behavior is based on self-interest and rational choices about effective ways to accomplish goals (Hutchison, 2008, p. 46), my past interactions made so much more sense. This is because human interaction involves trade of social resources, such as love, approval, information, money, and physical labor (Hutchison, 2008, p. 46). One is simply trying to maximize benefits, whatRead MoreThe Pluralistic View : Is Jesus The Only Savior?1084 Words   |  5 PagesKrishni Ryland THEO 313-D04 Book Analysis 30 November 2015 The Pluralistic View: Is Jesus the Only Savior? Jesus said to him, â€Å"I am the way, the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through Me. Is Jesus really the only Savior for the whole world? Some may find this ludicrous. How does one man save an entire creation? In addition to that, the only way for one to be saved is to go through Him. On the other hand if you were to ask any Christian this question, of course the answerRead MoreReview of Psychology and Christianity 5 Views Essay1165 Words   |  5 PagesAssessment 1 Assessment 1 What does psychology have to do with the Christian faith? In Psychology and Christianity: Five Views, by Myers, Jones, Roberts, Watson, Coe, Hall, and Powlison (2010) is an introductory textbook for Christian psychology that provides sound arguments for an array of positions on psychology and faith. Each author contributed an essay and in return the other essayist respond by either agreeing or disagreeing by pointing out faults and explaining why. The first positionRead MoreQuestions On A Ethical Dilemma1482 Words   |  6 Pagescriteria asks if the action would be acceptable in the light of public scrutiny. Final Gill’s sixth criteria states that a genuine ethical dilemma exists when an action could harm someone in a serious and irresponsible manner. I strongly believe that Gill’s six tests provide an excellent foundation for determining the ethical of validity of a dilemma. Grill’s discussion and evidence that all of the questions are supported by scriptural evidence and logic revels their importance as Read MoreThe Evolution of Religion1318 Words   |  6 PagesOtto begins by explaining the difference between the terms â€Å"rational,† and â€Å"non-rational.† He states quite simply, â€Å"An object that can thus be thought conceptually may be termed rational. The nature of deity described in the attributes above mentioned is, then, a rational nature; and a religion which recognizes and maintains such a view of God is in so far a ‘rational’ religion,† (Otto 1). Otto begins this work by arguing that the non-rational aspect of religion is, in itself, a very important partRead MoreDescartes Meditations On First Philosophy Essay1485 Words   |  6 Pageshow all the things we clearly and distinctly understand must be made by God. God allows our minds to understand certain objects and situations without any external information or influences, like our minds. Descartes makes it clear in his meditations that he believes that God is not a deceiver and God must not be tricking us in giving us this natural tendency towards our thoughts and feelings. Descartes values our rational self-awareness as one of the main components of our human existence. KnowingRead MoreThe Spiritual Gift Of Apostles And Prophets1087 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The Word of God instructs Christians that â€Å"the body of Christ† is â€Å"built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus himself being the cornerstone† (Eph. 2:20). Nevertheless, the debate is still on going if the office of the apostles and prophets ceased during the â€Å"Apostolic Age† or if it has continued on to the present day. This research paper will offer the Charismatic Movement opinion that advocates the interpretation of modern day apostles and prophets. A historyRead MoreSophocles Antigone Essay1702 Words   |  7 Pagesdictates that Eteocles shall receive a state funeral and honors, while Polyneices shall be left in the streets to rot away. Creon believes that Polyneices’ body shall be condemned to this because of his civil disobedience and treachery against the city. Polyneices’ sister, Antigone, upon hearing this exclaims that an improper burial for Polyneices would be an insult to the Gods. She vows that Polyneices’ body will be buried, and Creon declares that anyone who interferes with his body shall be punishedRead MoreEmotional Intelligence ( Eq )1051 Words   |  5 Pagesto assess my EQ are to take an EQ assessment test, seek the perspective of others, understand what factors contributed to my scores, and understand EQ from a Christian perspective. Taking an emotional intelligence quiz provided by Johanna Vanderpol (n. d.) provided helpful feedback. My scores are not as high as I hoped they would be. Would they have been higher, however, if I had taken the quiz when in a happier mood? Perhaps they would be. Nevertheless, I believe they accurately enough reflect myRead MorePlato’S Euthyphro. Questions About Morality Are At The1510 Words   |  7 Pagesquestion that Plato asks is how is something determined to be good or moral: through independent reasoning or by divine prescription. I believe that the only rational position to take on the issue is to conclude that morality must be separate from religion. This position, however, spawns many questions about what role religion does have in life. Ultimately, I believe that having an independent morality standard does change the way religion is used, but religion is still an important piece of life nevertheless

Steven Spielberg Free Essays

I’m Steven Spielberg and I was born in Cincinnati on December 18, 1947, but I was mainly raised in New Jersey and Arizona. When I was 12 years old I used my dads 8mm camcorder and made a movie. I continued to make films with the camcorder for five more years until I went on a trip to Universal Studios. We will write a custom essay sample on Steven Spielberg or any similar topic only for you Order Now I was 17 years old and I broke away from the main tourist group to see the sound stages. I bumped into the head of Universal’s editorial department, Chuck Silvers. We talked for about an hour and he wanted to see some of my 8mm films. When I showed them to him he said they were good but he could only wish me luck. So the next day I put on a suit and borrowed my fathers suitcase and walked in the front gate of Universal Studio’s like I did it every day. One reason I got away with this is because the guard thought I was the owners son. I bought some plastic name tags at a camera store and I found an empty office. Then I put my name in the building directory. Everyday that summer I hung out with directors, writers, and editors. After talking to all of these movie makers I found out that nobody really liked my movies. The next fall I asked some of the executives at Universal how I can get my films noticed. They said I hould put my films on 16 or 35mm film. So I did. I made a 20 minute movie about a boy and a girl hitch-hiking from the dessert to the Pacific. The day after it was shown at Universal, Sidney Sheinberg, the head of Universal’s T. V. production department, gave me a seven year contract to work on T. V. series. The first few years of the contract were fun, but after a while I didn’t want to direct T. V. shows. In 1971 I got a chance to make my first real movie. It was Called Duel and it was about a salesman who was harassed by a truck driver. Even though the movie didn’t make much money and wasn’t popular, it was my first ovie and I had a lot of fun. During the next 10 years I directed 4 of the top 10 movies ever made, including Jaws, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Raiders of the Lost Ark, and E. T. which is number one. E. T. – The Extra Terrestrial made $720 million dollars worldwide in the theaters and over a billion dollars total with video sales. Some other movies I directed were, Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom, Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. Jurassic Park, Always, and The Sugarland Express. Even though my most famous movies I made I directed, I also produced quite a few movies, including Poltergeist, Gremlins 1 and 2, all 3 Back to the Futures, and The Goonies. After my success at the movie theaters, I wanted to do a program on television. I chose Amazing Stories which allowed me to put my childhood stories on T. V. The show didn’t get very good reviews and people didn’t watch it. So the series was canceled after 24 episodes, 20 short from what was planned. I’ve been very successful in my career. The films I’ve made in the past have been entertaining to both children and adults. I now plan to start making more adult films. I hope to continue to amuse and entertain my audiences for many years to come. How to cite Steven Spielberg, Essay examples

Communication Skills in Nursing Practice Care of Nursing

Question: Describe about the Communication Skills in Nursing Practice for Care of Nursing. Answer: 1. Strategies to assist staff to reach standard of performance in nursing: Create a map to identify the conflict in individual and then find a solution that meets the needs of each nursing staff. Mapping a conflict helps in getting everyone's perspective regarding any problems and then respond to the situation. After mapping the conflict, the nursing leader can communicate with the staff and inquire where they are having the problem in nursing practice. Engage them in safe and quality care by giving training on required competency. Giving the staff some time to develop his role in the establishment. Train them at all level to work according to the current national competency standard of nursing (Arnold Boggs, 2015). The strategic response to tackle the situation includes: Creating a reliable system that promotes a culture of safety and support nurses to develop their skills in their area of expertise. Measure the impact of the intervention on patient outcome. Working to improve performance and monitoring sustainability of improved nursing practice. Ensure nurse have access to information technology so that nurses learn in an accurate and timely manner (McSHERRY et al., 2012). 2. The problem in the rehabilitation center is that the same patient is given the shower to every day, and they do not get sleep every day. Helping disabled patient maintains personal hygiene is an important duty in the rehabilitation center. Therefore, this problem needs to be discussed with the staff so that each and every person get the adequate bath on a regular interval. Maintaining cleanliness or hygiene will help to prevent infection also keep the patient in a pleasant mood (Venier, 2015). Based on rehabilitation staff not giving adequate staff to patient, the plan is to strictly impose the criteria that each patient at the rehabilitation needs to bath in regular intervals. However, bathing of disabled and elderly people is challenging, so nurses must learn the skill to tackle such patients. Adequate bathing equipment and facilities for disabled people during the shower is also essential. (PLAN) Many patients resist bathing and become aggressive. Nurses should have the skill to communicate to the patient that why marinating personal hygiene is essential for them. They should discuss the implication of unhygienic condition on their disease and disability so that they take part in decision making and agree to the plan. A shower after a heavy day of rehabilitation plan can be preferable for that patient who have the maximum level of disability and difficulty in taking baths. This plan will be beneficial (pros) for such patients as bathing is difficult, time-consuming and hazardous in older people with disability. However, one disadvantage (cons) of this approach is that hygiene is compromised on other days, and this may not be good for some patients. (PLAN and pros and cons) The above situation can be discussed with the rehabilitation specialist who specialized in dealing with disables people. He will be able to explain the best approach possible in the situation. Reference Arnold, E. C., Boggs, K. U. (2015).Interpersonal relationships: Professional communication skills for nurses. Elsevier Health Sciences. McSHERRY, R. O. B. E. R. T., Pearce, P., Grimwood, K., McSherry, W. (2012). The pivotal role of nurse managers, leaders and educators in enabling excellence in nursing care.Journal of Nursing Management,20(1), 7-19. Venier, A. G. (2015). Root cause analysis to support infection control in healthcare premises.Journal of Hospital Infection,89(4), 331-334.

North Carolina Regulators Essays - Rebellions In The United States

North Carolina Regulators North Carolina Regulators The North Carolina Regulators were a group of people who rebelled against corrupt government officials. The people experienced strong feelings of discontent with the way in which the provincial government's officials were conducting the affairs. The government officials were running the colony both unfairly and unjustly. Many small groups of people formed. After the spring of 1768 when the small groups allied , they called themselves the Regulators. The Wealthy colonists considered these Regulators to be ?a mob.? North Carolina had a lack of supervision from the British monarchy. The colony was isolated from the rest of the country by numerous swamps, bad road conditions and unnavigable rivers. Therefore the government officials of North Carolina became independent, in a very unfair and unjust way to the people of North Carolina, such as excessive taxes, dishonest sheriffs, and illegal fees. The injustice of the government officials urged the Regulators for justice. The once peaceful negotiators became violent, and lawless from the slowness of legal remedies taking place. The Regulators refused to pay fees, and terrorized those who administered the law. They also disrupted court proceedings. The Regulators first tried negotiations; it was the injustice of the government officials that made them resort to violence. The Regulators intentions were not to terrorize the government officials, but only to find justice. The regulators fight for justice was a problem for royal Governor William Tryon, who wanted the Regulators revolt to stop. The governor's council was determined to crush the Regulators. General Hugh Waddell was ordered to approach Hillsborough by way of Salisbury and Governor Tryon and his army proceeded more directly towards Hillsborough. General Waddell had a small force of 284 men. The Regulators saw this and attacked General Waddell's troops. The Regulators almost 2,000 men strong sent General Waddell and his troops in a quick retreat. Tryon heard of this and brought his forces to go to Waddell's rescue. A battle began. Tryon's, the much better trained, equipped, and organized army, crushed the Regulators. The only thing the Regulators wanted was justice. That's what they were fighting for. They were abused by the government officials in such away that it caused them to revolt. The Regulators were killed in battle, wounded, captured, and executed. Some were pardoned in exchange for pledging an oath of allegiance to the royal government. The War of Regulations was a foreplay to the American Revolution. The Regulators opposed Royal authority with confidence. It was a lesson of armed resistance, a lesson that would be used in the War for Independence.

Paragraph and Essay Development - Definition and Examples

Paragraph and Essay Development s In composition, development is the process of adding informative and illustrative details to support the main idea in a paragraph or essay. Also known as  elaboration. Paragraphs and essays can be developed in many different ways. In conventional composition courses (see current-traditional rhetoric), the following patterns of exposition (or models of composition) are often presented as the standard methods of development in expository writing: AnalogyCause and EffectClassification and DivisionComparison and ContrastExampleExtended DefinitionProcess Analysis Examples and Observations [The] methods of development arent empty jugs to pour full of any old, dull words. Neither are they straitjackets woven by fiendish English teachers to pin your writing arm to your side and keep you from expressing yourself naturally. The methods are tools for achieving your purpose in writing, whatever that purpose may be. They can help you discover what you know, what you need to know, how to think critically about your subject, and how to shape your writing.(X.J. Kennedy and Dorothy M. Kennedy, The Bedford Reader, 7th ed. Bedford/St. Martins, 2000) The Importance of Providing Supporting Details Possibly the most seriousand most commonweakness of all essays by novice writers is the lack of effectively developed body paragraphs. The information in each paragraph must adequately explain, exemplify, define, or in some other way support your topic sentence. Therefore, you must include enough supporting information or evidence in each paragraph to make your readers understand your topic sentence. Moreover, you must make the information in the paragraph clear and specific enough for the readers to accept your ideas.  (Jean Wyrick, Steps to Writing Well, 11th ed. Wadsworth, 2011) Body-Building What the opening of an essay promises, the body of the essay must deliver. This is known as developing your ideas, but I like to use a body-building metaphor because it implies adding not just bulk to a framework, but musculature. In other words, good essay development strengthens, not merely fills out. . . .What is the best way to reinforce the main idea of your essay? You can do some by making good use of any combination of the following six methods of development: StatisticsComparisonClassification and DivisionExample, case-in-pointQuotationCharacterization,  dialogue By using these bodybuilding elements, you are telling your readers, I dont expect you to take my word for these claims; I want you to see for yourself!  (Fred D. White, LifeWriting: Drawing from Personal Experience to Create Features You Can Publish. Quill Driver Books, 2004) Multiple Patterns of Development Although most short papers may employ one primary pattern with other patterns woven throughout, longer papers may have two or more primary patterns of development. For example, if you are writing a paper on the causes and effects of child abuse in the foster care system, you might, after the causal analysis, shift the primary focus of the essay to prevention, thus continuing the essay with a process analysis of what the state might do to prevent child abuse. Then you might end the essay by addressing the objections from those defending the system, shifting the focus of the essay to argumentation. Your decision to include other primary patterns depends on your purpose and audience. Your thesis makes your purpose clear to your reader. Then as you develop your essay, you may integrate other patterns into your paragraphs.  (Luis Nazario, Deborah Borchers, and William Lewis, Bridges to Better Writing. Wadsworth, 2010)

Drunk Driving in America and Penalty Research Paper

Drunk Driving in America and Penalty - Research Paper Example In order to deal with the dilemma of drunk driving every state has formulated and implemented different sets of drunk driving laws, enforcements, courts and procedure of punishment. It is found that sometimes the complexity of the laws allow the offenders to escape without facing any punishment whereas the offenders can also avoid the conviction through plea bargain. The experts have identified some flaws in the drunken driving laws and have called for making some necessary changed in the punishment structure to avoid further cases of drunken driving accidents. The essay aims to discuss the effects of drunk driving and the laws made to prevent drunk driving. The essay also examines the effectiveness of these laws and need to make them stricter. Effects of Drunk Driving Drunk driving draws serious and long lasting impacts upon the health and lives of the people involved however, it is commonly observed that people are not well aware of the serious consequences of this habit and they r ealize it very late. The seriousness of the drunken driving impact could be estimated from the fact that every thirty minute a person is killed and every two minute a person is injured in America due to drunk driving. ... Thousands of people are killed every year in America as a result of such accidents and thousands of other got injuries when they got involved in the accidents where the driver is drunk (Hedlund and McCartt, 2002). The drunk driving also because damage of property, vehicles and other objects that came in the circle of the vehicle being driven by a drunk driver. Hence, drunk driving cause both financial and human loss and has become a very tough challenge for the society (Scott, 2006). Drunk driving is very common in America. Almost 21percent of the Americans have informed that they have driven after drinking in the part years which means that millions of trips are taken by the drunk drivers each year, many of them resulted in accidents and injuries. Though there are several laws formulated to prevent drinking driving but these laws are not very harsh. The arrests of the drunk drivers are very rare in America because people are usually released after warning or small punishment. There is need to develop improved drunk driving control system in order to assure that the people who drive after drinking are arrested consistently and are also convicted and punished according to the law. People must be made aware that they have to face stick legal procedure when they will catch involved in the drunken driving incident (Valle, 1986). Drunk Driving Laws and Punishments The effects of drunk driving have compelled the states to crack down on the offenders of the drinking driving laws and to make the legal framework more effective to deal with such people in very harsh manner. The terms DUI (driving under the influence) or DWI (driving while intoxicated) are commonly used to refer to the offenders of the drinking driving laws and it is strongly demanded

ELEMENTS OF DESIGN AND STORIES OF SPACE, MEDIA Coursework

ELEMENTS OF DESIGN AND STORIES OF SPACE, MEDIA REPRESENTATION,STEREOTYPES,AND CRITICAL HISTORICAL CONTEXT, ART EUCATION - Coursework Example Many societies in the recent time are struggling with gender roles and positions with women hoping to achieve equity with men (Basten 2012). The initial posting themes also involved the aspect of culture, and especially the Western Culture. Following sources of history relayed through the media in form of advertisement, we are able to identify our culture. The elements of culture are learnable, indigenous people can teach them to people who are alien to a particular civilization. The initial postings explain the role that advertisement plays in the societies and how advertisement influence behavior of adolescents. It seems that the dynamics in advertisement is controlled by changing how we view our history. Education has also been addressed as a theme in the initial postings; these forms of education are achieved through artwork and artifacts in museums. The main type of education being passed by these tools is mainly cultural education. Post 2: Media and Presentations of Gender The most outstanding theme in the postings is the role of the media and that of women. In support of the media, in the past couple of decades children and adolescent are the largest consumers of advertisement with some targeting them directly. These come in the form of entertainment and media technologies. This is mainly because there is a booming market in the media industry that is mainly targeting the youth yet very little is known about their content and objectives. What makes this theme even more relevant is the fact that media and advertisement developers are not clear on the implication of their products on the society. The media aims at facilitating sharing of information across all stages of life but little is done to categorize the information being shared in their platforms. Media through advertisement mainly misleads and misrepresents facts in our history (Basten 2012). The role of women in the society on the other hand is a contentious issue met with different views across the world. The feminists are trying to remodel the rigid norms in the society that degrades women into gender sensitivity. The gender roles in the modern times are viewed as equal and if they were to harm, then they should harm both genders. The postings show how men are fully privileged as opposed to women, the feminists have all the reasons to change the situation around and achieve a more balanced societal environment. Post 3: Advertisement and the End of the World However, some themes mentioned in the posting are weaker and do not have grounds for example the issue of culture and its transmission. The channels of culture transmission according to the initial postings include, museums these reveals tribal arts, folk art and other forms of performances. Each culture has its own unique way of transmitting its own values to its members. Therefore looking for a convectional way of conserving and transmitting culture is not practically achievable. In addition, culture is adopted in a society when it is deemed beneficial by the member s of that particular community. This means that enforcing a culture that is not acceptable in a particular community either through advertisement in the mass media or education systems cannot achieve much success. There is also a tendency of people sticking to their cultural norms and resist change at all costs. The only thing that can change cultural orientation of a particular community is change of approach in their historical background. Changing a cultural setting

Art & Humanities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Art & Humanities - Essay Example Through a critical analysis of Nickelback's hit single, Rockstar,' this essay shall try to establish that while the behavior of rockstars and rock bands is often supportive of the most negative of the stereotypes surrounding the genre, the music and lyrics particular to rock often have a profound message to communicate, one which directly ties in to the dreams, aspirations and fears of the youth. Nickelback is a stereotypical bad, wild boy rock band. The Canadian band, which made its first appearance on the music scene in 1995, is comprised of Chad and Mike Kroeger and Ryan Vikedal. Over the past twelve years, the band has attained popular success, with global sales of approximately 25 million albums and several Juno, MTV, American Music and World Music awards (Jennings, 2002) but has repeatedly aroused criticisms and controversies regarding the behavior both on and off-stage. While in concert in Portugal in 2002, the band members fought with and insulted audience members before walking off stage, refusing to come back on again. They were subsequently criticized as unprofessional and unreliable, in addition to which they lost a significant percentage of the European fan base as a result (Jennings, 2002). Association with excessive drug and alcohol use has not helped the band's image (Rendon, 2005). Objectively speaking, Nickelback's on and off-stage antics and behavior has furnished additional support for rock music's critics and, indeed, appears to further evidence the popular conception of rock music and musicians as decadent and a corrupting influence. As this appears typical of most rockstars, Kizis (2001) theorizes a link between the genre and the behavior of its stars. The genre is, by definition, a declaration of rebellion against customs and traditions, and embraces a rejection of what is typically regarded as music. Singing becomes shouting, melody becomes dissonance and the identification of rhythm is an often daunting challenge. Rock music is a rebellion, an uprising against musical conventions and rockstars are, by the very virtue of their adherence to, and association with, the genre, rebels against traditional and conventions, against norms and mores. In other words, just like the genre itself, the behavior of rockstars is a cultural statement and a declaration of refusal to be bound by conventions. Nickelback is no exception. Apart from the statement of rebellion which Nickelback expresses through both behavior and chosen genre, the band has something to say and their name is evidence of this. As explained on the band's official website, the band members are all from very modest backgrounds but had hopes of succeeding through their music. From the outset, however, they were determined that their success, if they ever attained it, would not make them forget their roots and their reality. The band's name serves as that reminder because it recalls the members' origins as employees of a small coffee shop when their only words to customers were "here's your nickel back" (Nickelback.com). The band's name derives from this and, at one and the same time, expresses both its members' originality and determination to remember, even when at the peak, their origins and, thus, their reality. The band's name, in other words, signifies a connection with its members' roots. Just as the band's name functions as a

Packaging Materials and Consumer Preferences

Packaging Materials and Consumer Preferences Introduction: The term business is defined as an organized way to earn profit. Profit is basic motif that coerces any business individual or organization to produce something that is really needed. This basic motif compels producers to take necessary steps to improve not only the product qualities but also the appearance. Producers manage to interlink demands and supplies and help their consumers to get maximum satisfaction in limited resources by offering them many well-suited goods. As there is always scarcity of sources and abundance of wants; to generate symmetry between wants and supplies a wide range of similar and nearly alternative products are offered with varieties of price, packing style, brand name etc. by various companies, which provides customers multiplicity of choices. Since, in perfect competition every individual or firm has rights to enter the market (or leave the market) at any time and produce and sell goods according to their own will, every producer tries his level best to captivate consumers attention by emphasizing qualities of his products among many almost similar products, hence it becomes essential to use multiplicity of packaging style, size and color of likely products, so that specific brands may be distinguished among others. The intentions of Consumer for procuring anything depends upon the intensity of his desires to satisy his needs. Consumers have expectations that anything he is buying will satisfy his needs. (Kupiec and Revell, 2001) The basic purpose is to fulfill consumers needs instead of product name, consequently consumer makes buying decision at the moment they encounter different objects rather making prior decisions. Consumers purchase decision depends the way he is communicated for anything at store. The packaging becomes a major cause of his decision to buy anything because it is the first introduction of the product, which communicates the consumer that whether a product may (or may not) fulfill his requirements. The product which appears more suitable to a customer a nearest match for his needs is bought, whereas others are left. The key factor to convince a customer is to know his needs and to make him understand that a particular thing is a perfect match of his requirements. As due to change of consumers life style consumers are interested in packaging tool, So packaging performs an important role in marketing communications, Packaging characteristics could be treated as one of the most important factors influencing consumers brand preference. Taking into consideration that package could be treated as a set of various elements communicating different messages to a consumer, the role of appropriate packaging material to form customers behavior becomes inevitable. Customers taste and behavior also participates significant functions in choosing specific packaging style, hence to know market trend and behavior of consumers, companies conduct market surveys, prior launching any new product, so that they may understand perceptions of consumers regarding specific products and on the basis of customers behavior, figure out the possibility of product success. Marketing Experts believe that Success is traditionally associated with the choice of an appropriate product positioning strategy, so the first step must be to correctly define a positioning strategy. Positioning strategy means to find out physical appearance of any product prior launching it to the market. It has also been observed that sometimes quite beneficial products could not get proper attentions of the consumers because of wrong market positioning strategy or weak planning. (Ramsay, 1983; McAlexander et al., 1993) As a matter of fact if a product (or products) is more demanding and consequently gives lots of profit, every business individual or firm will tend to produce same for having their share of profit in that specific field. This is how there are numerous producers or manufacturers producing analogous products with the difference of brand name, packing style, shape and size because a ditto copy will never makes consumers to switch form their existing brand to a new one. Consumers normally do not switch from one product to another without having sound reasons. These reasons are nothing else but to make them realize that the new product is same but has some different tendencies as well, for instance despite having many chocolate manufacturing companies, every new manufacturer will not be welcomed to influence consumers, unless they manage to prove that their product is better than existing products. Every company tends to prove that their product is somehow poles apart to their competitors and can fulfill the needs of their consumers in better way but in reasonable price. Packaging is the first step to make consumers buy something and plays crucial role to either make a product sellable or to prove it a complete failure, as it is believed that Selling something apparently attractive, though having low benefits is easier than something that has more benefits and lesser attractive. or in other words Most of the books are judged and bought by their covers, instead of their contents. While purchasing anything from the market every 73 out of 100 people go for apparently good things rather than brand and only 27 percent people strictly stuck for brand. In normal days we do not eat any food, if it does not look or smell great, though we know foods are to be tasted and not to be decorated. Commonly people go for the best looking items instead of technicalities; this is why most of the people buy extraordinary and expensive mobile phones not because of advanced functions but because they look great and by and large they rarely become familiar of all functions. As the world is rapidly turning into global village and with the passage of time business is being expanded, the importance of using correct type of packaging material has become essential. Packaging is rightly called an art because packaging material is the first introduction of any product to the consumers, as well as it provides a physical blockade between a product and the surroundings by maintaining hygiene and reducing the risk of product wastage due to impurity. Packaging is indispensable for a safe distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also refers to the process of design, evaluation, and production of packages. It can be described as a coordinated system of preparing goods for safe, efficient and cost-effective transport, distribution, storage, retailing, consumption and recovery, reuse or disposal combined with maximizing consumer value, sales and hence profit. Verily packaging is a central part of the goods supply chain, which protects goods from damage, allows efficient distribution, informs the consumer regarding products and helps to promote goods in a competitive marketplace. Packaging Material, especially for edible goods, are used as a tool to prolong products life. Unlike old days, when a huge part of edible goods used to be wasted because of insufficient packaging materials, now days edible goods in bulk quantities are manufactured and stored for a long time, which leads to maintain timely supply as well as reduces products cost. In general terms, packaging is the container that has direct or indirect contact with product, it holds, protects, preserves and identifies the product as well as facilitating handling and commercialization (Vidales Giovannetti, 1995) Packaging is a tool to form good relationship between Retailers and Food Manufacturers because both work more closely to create products designed for current lifestyles, based on the latest technology. A Retailer, having direct link with end users, can easily be well aware of the perception of consumers. On the other hand manufacturers modify packaging style and product quality on the basis of information provided by retailers. This has resulted in an explosion in the market for ready to eat meals, a market in which packaging is playing an increasingly important role. In a very broad sense, the food industry is discovering the food service channel as a new distribution alternative. Alliances between food producers and food service operators will be the only means to develop successful solutions. (Axler, marketing director of Sodexho, Belgium) Packaging is also a source to provide information about ingredients to the customers and instructions to use the product, for which there are some legal requirements. Consumers make final choice on the basis of these information for instance there are some products inappropriate for diabetics patients because of having high calories, hence instructions on packaging can save diabetic patients, on contrary there are some ingredients which are prohibited for some specific religion (as pork is banned in Islamic Jews preaching) hence through instructions and ingredient list, Muslims and Jews can avoid such forbidden foods. Similarly on medicines dosage is mentioned for children and adults. There are some food related items, especially dairy items, which cannot be kept in sunlight, whereas there are some other items, which must be kept in open and airy places to make them fresh or to store in cold. Manufacturing and Expiry is also mentioned on food products, so that one may know that an edible item is best to use before a certain period of time to avoid any hazard or health problem. On master cartons and containers stack height is also mentioned to avoid product loss, whereas handle with care caution is mentioned on easily breakable items. Packaging is the most important medium of communication because it reaches almost all buyers in the category and is present at the crucial moment when procurement decision is made; and buyers are actively involved with packaging as they examine it to obtain the information they need. (Behaeghel 1991 and Peters 1994) Packaging is becoming an essential part of the value chain analysis, regarding food safety, organoleptic characteristics, ergonomics and flexibility, (Axler, marketing director of Sodexho, Belgium) Packaging is a mean of communication. (Gardener 1967, Lincoln 1965) Packaging is the science, art and technology of enclosing or protecting products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also refers to the process of design, evaluation, and production of packages. Packaging can be described as a coordinated system of preparing goods for transport, warehousing, logistics, sale, and end use. Packaging contains, protects, preserves, transports, informs, and sells. In many countries it is fully integrated into government, business, industrial, and personal use. Packaging attributes, combining colors, designs, shape, symbols, and messages of Food products, provide people brand acquaintance for example in a departmental store all kinds of beverages are kept in same place but consumer of specific brand can easily distinguish his choice because of difference of color, size and unambiguous shape. (Nancarrow et al., 1998) Numerous market trends suggests a growing packaging role as a brand communication vehicle and reducing expenses on traditional brand building mass media advertising. Importance of Packaging role is acknowledged round the globe for brand building and consequently the expenses on advertisement has been found reduced. Once a brand becomes familiar companies do not have to spend a huge amount on advertising because consumer will reach the brand automatically. Companies just have to manage timely deliveries, so that meanwhile a consumer may not switch to the nearest competitors due to unavailability of the product. (Belch and Belch, 2001) Packaging attracts and sustains attention, helping consumers identify with the images presented. The importance of packaging design and the use of packaging, as a vehicle for communication and branding, are growing (Rettie and Brewer, 2000) One recent study estimated that 73 percent of purchase decisions are made at the point of sale, it means that a majority of consumers switch to one brand to its nearly alternative while purchasing, for example a housewife wants to have a jar of jam of a specific brand, if she does not find it in superstore, she might buy any similar brand in absence of her desired brand, this may cause her to believe that the new brand is somehow comparatively better than the previous one, hence next time she will visit to the store, she will surely go for the new brand instead of previous one. (Connolly and Davidson, 1996) Packaging materials are used to communicate the messages of specific companies. Most of the branded companies have their particular brand slogans, which influences consumers towards their products. To achieve the communication goals effectively and to optimize the potential of packaging, fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) manufacturers must comprehend consumer response to their packages, and incorporate the perceptual processes of the consumer into design. It is also observed that companies that sometimes failure of a product is not because of lack in product qualities but lack of presentations. (Nancarrow et al., 1998) Almost all FMCG spend extra amount to figure out Consumers perception and behavior, which is believed is not consistent across cultures. Although many industry observers believe that consumers worldwide are likely to have roughly similar response to many FMCG, despite cultural differences (The Nation, Bangkok, 2002) yet there are many cross-cultural researchers who believe vice versa, and assert that knowledge developed in one culture should be confirmed before use in new cultural contexts (e.g., Malhotra et al., 1996) The expansion of modern retailing helps drive this growth, so that packaging plays an increasingly critical role in merchandising and communication for FMCG (The Nation, Bangkok, 2002) Viewing pollution problem of the world, it becomes essential to take necessary steps to reduce waste and garbage. The role of packaging in waste reduction is the most evident at food packaging. When food is processed and packaged, the food residues are often used as fuel, animal feed or some economically useful by-product. In absence of packaged processed food, the residues become garbage in the household. Another reason why food packaging reduces waste is that it reduces spoilage. In developing countries food wastage is between 20-50% because of poor or the lack of packaging. In Europe, where packaging is used in handling, transport, containment and storage, food wastage is approximately 2-3%. (PIN, 1996) With increasing rates of appropriate packaging materials, the fraction of food wastes decreases. A survey conducted in this regards declare that Overall, for every 1% increase of packaging, food waste decreases by about 1.6%. (Scarlett, 1996) Purpose of Packaging Materials: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Physical Fortification The objects enclosed in the package may require shield from many things like shock, shuddering, compression, high temperature, etc. Appropriate Packaging Material accumulates objects from all these hazards. A good packaging material reduces the probability of product loss and wastage. Food products like as other products are to move from one place to another for instance first from factories to warehouses then from warehouses to depot and later on from depots to distributors and then from distributors to retailers and then to the end users. Proper handling needs either to depute huge manpower to avoid such losses (which will surely increase product cost, though product loss will not be prevented completely) or to use good packaging materials; naturally usage of proper packaging material is more feasible, though manpower is also used wherever needed. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Protection Food products can be kept safe for a long time, unless Oxygen, water vapor, dust, etc. may not affect them. Infiltration is a critical factor in designing packaging materials. Some packages contain desiccants or Oxygen absorbers to help extend shelf life, whereas usage of metallic sheet or poly film is quite normal in packaging of food related items to prevent oxygen. Modified atmospheres or controlled atmospheres are also maintained in some food packages. Keeping the contents clean, fresh, disinfected and safe for the intended shelf life is a primary function of packaging materials. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Repression Handling small objects separately is difficult than keeping them in one packet or box, hence diminutive objects are usually grouped together in one package instead of keeping them in different packages, for example, a single box of 1000 erasers requires less physical handling than 1000 single rubbers. Liquids, powders, and grainy materials need containment. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Communication Packages are properly labeled to provide information related to usage of product that how to use, transport, reprocess, or dispose of the package or product. Food, medical, chemical and pharmaceutical products are labeled proper manufacturing and expiry dates as well as suitable way of handling for example on some packages keep in cold and dry place is written because moisture and heat can cause hazardous change in the product, on some cartons stacking size has also mentioned to avoid any damage. 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Marketing The packaging and labels are used to influence consumers to buy something. Package graphic design and physical design are chosen after thorough survey and deep study of consumers taste and behavior. It has also been observed that products which were proved a complete failure became much popular, just after changing the design of packages. The color schemes, designs, packaging style and size are rightly called tools to sell anything. 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Safety Measures Packaging plays imperative role in reducing safety risks of shipment. Prior packaging, need of safety measures are studied thoroughly. Good Packaging Material is the one that comprises tamper confrontation to deter tampering and also have tamper-evident features to help indicate tampering. Packages can be engineered to help reduce the risks of package pilferage: Some package constructions are more resistant to pilferage and some have pilfered indicating seals. Packages may include validation seals and use security printing to help indicate that the package and contents are not imitation. Packages also can include anti-theft devices, such as dye-packs, RFID tags, or electronic article observation tags that can be activated or detected by devices at exit points and require specialized tools to deactivate. Using packaging in this way is a means of loss deterrence. 7.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Convenience Packages are designed to keep viewing convenience in distribution, handling, stacking, display, sale, opening, re-closing, use, dispensing, and reuse, for example a tin of cooking oil is not used only once, it is to be used time and again, hence there must be convenience in use as well as in reuse. On contrary a can of disposable beverage is not designed for reusing purpose and once the seal is opened, it is to be used in a limited time; else it will end its properties. Many housewives are observed not using specific products because of inconvenience in use, despite knowing their low price or other benefits. 8.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Portion Control Specific quantities or proper dosage of some products, e.g. salt, are required to be used. Bulk commodities (such as salt) can be divided into packages that are a more suitable size for individual households. It is also aids the control of inventory for example selling sealed one-liter-bottles of milk, rather than having people bringing their own bottles to fill themselves. Types of Packaging Materials The most widespread types of packaging material are paper, glass, aluminum, fiber board, plastic and steel. Paper: Paper is one of the most extensively used packaging materials, because of being light in weight, cheap in price and easily available. The use of corrugated cardboard, instead of wooden boxes, has reduced weight of packaging materials on one hand and made safe and easy transportation on the other hand. Glass: The use of Glass, as Packaging Material has almost been given up, especially for food items e.g. for beverages because any slight jerk or shock causes it to break into pieces, which is not only material loss but also is harmful for human health; usage of glass has been replaced with Tin and Plastic. Glass is the most common form of packaging waste, although it has been returned to the factories now days for recycling, yet because of its insecure nature, it is being avoided as packaging material. Aluminum: It iscommonly used inpackaging of food items,such asin cans of soft drinks and in tin packed provisions as foil to protect foodstuff from decomposition by preventing access of oxygen. The used aluminum as scrap is sold on high price because aluminum is recycled economically because 20 recycled aluminum cans, can be made with the energy it takes to manufacture one brand new one. Steel: Currently Steel is being used as packaging material for foods, beverages and paints as well as aerosols. Steel is recycled in great extent to minimize product cost. A survey declares that around 16% of energy saving is observed steel because of recycling of steel. Plastic: The use of plastic as packaging material brings so many advantages for instance plastic is light weighted, long lasting and easily available material. The cost of plastic is a bit cheaper as compare to aluminum and steel. Mixed materials: Instead of using a single material for packaging, the trend to use mixed materials is proven more beneficial in form of reducing energy consumption although combining different materials makes reprocessing difficult. Lack of facilities and necessary technologies to separate mixed materials have become great obstacle to recycle because without separating these materials contamination cannot be avoided. Importance of Packaging Branding in Marketing Packaging and Branding are two sides of same coin and are essential for marketing. Branding means to represent not only the name, description and design of a product but also to distinguish a company from its competitors. Most of the brand conscious people believe that a specific brand actually represents the history and credibility of not only the brand but also the manufacturers, because using specific brand means trusting particular companies instead of their professional rivals. No brand can be popular without proper packaging hence it is rightly called that Packing is a marketing instrument, which attracts consumers and forms their trust on companies. People form their good or bad opinions about inside products through the outer look e.g. the colors, fonts, descriptions and logo. It is also experienced that a product, once proven failure, hit the consumers choice later on when the look was improved. Sales Marketing Department focuses to strategize methods to sell companys products in presence of competitors. Packaging and Branding is actually twofold picture. It is said that people do not buy anything unless it looks great. Brand department conducts market surveys to discover new ways to influence more consumers than their competitors, so that more part of market may be captivated. New advertising techniques are discovered and adopted with the passage of time. Brand campaigns are run in the most exclusive manners to form a cohesive brand or image. Brand department keeps an eye on market trends and in case the sale of concern product decreases, new and attractive ways are adopted to re-stable market position, sometimes change in color, size or packaging style revive a falling product. That is why many products are relabeled after a certain period of time by adding new in product name. Customers do not recognize the product but through the brands. It has also been experienced that when a group of consumers were offered to taste same products of different companies, including their own brand, without mentioning of products identities, only a few consumers chose their own brand, whereas majority either could not figure out any difference or chose products other than their brands. Branding Product appearance plays vital role in creation of brand. The product quality has secondary importance because once a consumer is influenced to use a product first time, the product quality can be known. On a survey conducted to find out consumers market perception, while answering why a product is purchased? most of the answers were because it is apparently good. Brand is not only product introduction but also forms market image of company, for example soft drinks manufacturers are producing almost similar products but their consumers recognize their products through presentation style, color scheme and packaging uniqueness. Some experts believe that advertising, which provides information about objective attributes such as price and physical traits will influence brand associations. Advertising can make positive brand evaluations and attitudes readily accessible in memory Advertising also influences behavioral manifestations of brand equity. On average, market leaders spend 20 percent more of their budgets on advertising than do their nearest competitors. There are different parameters or factors that force a customer to switch one brand to another. This individual varied behavior leads to study taxonomy of explanations for varied behavior. Experts of branding distribute these varied behaviors into Derived and Direct variation. Derived varied behavior refers to varied behavior that results from forces that have nothing to do with a preference for change in and of itself These forces are divided into multiple needs and changes in the choice problem. Multiple needs include multiple users, contexts and uses. There are empirical evidences indicating that varied consumption of the household may result from different usage purposes of the product as well as different users within the household. Changes in the choice problem are changes in the feasible set of alternatives, tastes and constraints (new brands, advertising, deals, etc.) Direct variation explanations of varied behavior rely on the inherently satisfying aspects of changing behavior Interpersonal and intrapersonal motives are involved in direct variation. Interpersonal motives result from the needs for affiliation and distinction. Intrapersonal motives result from three main forces. First is the desire for the unfamiliar cite empirical evidence on successful attempts to get stable and reliable measures of different aspects of this desire that is related to an ideal level of stimulation desired by the individual. Second is the desire for information, to measure optimum stimulation levels. Consumers want information on familiar brands. This need for information arises when continued consumption of a particular brand creates confusion with regard to the worth of other brands. The third type of direct variation that satisfies intrapersonal needs is alternation among the familiar. The studies in the areas of psychology of consumer behavior show that levels of stimulation can be raised by switching among familiar as well as unfamiliar brands. There is empirical evidence on the existence of ideal levels of attributes wanted by consumers in their consumption. This fact may result in switching among familiar brands that are rich in different attributes. The present study interprets varied consumption as a result of variety seeking behavior, which is operational as a measure of individual tendency to vary consumption. This tendency is measured on a continuum that extends from extreme tendency to vary consumption to an extreme tendency to avoid variety. It is possible to identify five major factors which influence the proportion of total product sales made by each brand of a product class displayed in a supermarket: (1) relative brand prices, (2) the proportion of display space allocated to each brand, (3) the quality of display space, (4) point-of-sale advertising and promotion, and (5) consumer brand attitudes and preferences. The first four of these factors are direct dimensions of the purchase environment. The fifth is a residual of advertising and promotion, habits and experience, which is brought to the purchase environment by the consumer. A primary objective of this analysis is to isolate and quantify the fifth item, namely, brand preferences of consumers. The procedure outlined in the model essentially involves controlling the other four aspects of the purchase environment and thereby isolating the effect of brand preferences. In many merchandising situations, however, the effects of brand preferences and relative brand prices work together in either a cumulative or a compensating way. For this reason, it may also be of interest to quantify the combined effects of consumer brand preferences and differences in brand prices. While this is possible with the model and is discussed later, the basic model is developed to fit conditions where brand prices are equal. With equal brand prices, equal display quality conditions, and no point- of-sale advertising or promotion, it is hypothesized that the sales of each brand would be proportional to the display space allocated to each if all buyers were indifferent concerning brand choice. Slogans A slogan is a short, unforgettable grasp phrase, which are used as punch line in advertisement to summarize the whole product quality and usage in one or a few words. The company and product information details are associated with tagline or motto of slogans. Companies often use one or a few words slogans to catch the attention of consumers. These slogans are somehow interlinked with the image of product quality because it becomes a key component and are used as essential factor to recognize products for example, Relax, its FedEx defines that a renowned American Courier Service is being discussed, similarly Im lovin it! mentions McDonalds and Finger-lickin good denotes K.F.C (Kentucky Fried Chicken) The Joy of Pepsi! declares a beverage company, Dont leave home without it. talks about American Express and The Legend Leads speaks out of Peek Freans. Many products are even known by their slogans instead of their own names. Designs of Packaging Suitable Packing is designed to captivate a customers attention. The moment a consumer throws a glance towards products, his decision for whether or not to buy a product is formed on the basis of product appearance. A child will always reject product having dull colors whereas an old man will surely avoid using bright colored objects. A well marketed product is wrapped packaging, which suits the flavor of users. Mercedes can never be found in shocking pink color because people who use it, have sober taste and prefer elegance, whereas sports cars are manufactured in bright colors because the dominant users are young. Color effects human behavior such as some colors make us happy whereas others make us sad. While making purchase decision, colour scheme becomes more obvious. The effect of colour has been studied widely to know the consumers perception. (Imram, 1999) Consumer opinions of an adequate color are associated with discernments of other quality features, such as taste, aroma, satisfaction and nourishment levels. Positive effect can be gained by using one or more packaging variables. In some product clear packaging is sued to allow consumers to view food colour, incident light, and taxonomy. While making advertisement of food items, the best colour combination is used not only for plates having food items but also the clothes of models

Dances With Wolves Essay -- Film Movie Dances With Wolves Papers

Dances With Wolves In his movie Dances With Wolves actor Kevin Costner tries to do away with any preconceived notions that the viewer might have had about the Native American Indians being a savage and inhuman race. He does this by first unraveling the mysteriousness of the Indians then he brings the viewer to a point of connectedness with the Indians and their culture. We then come to a sincere appreciation for them as human beings and individuals and find ourselves siding with them in matters of allegiance. This movie accomplishes this goal with several tactics and strategies. As the story unfolds we follow the life of John Dunbar (Kevin Costner) and take on his emotions and therefore come to the same realizations that he does. From the very beginning of the film we have a sense of compassion and empathy for John because he is injured and tries to die heroically. This form of justifiable suicide gives us a sense of his aimlessness and loneliness. Since most of the viewers have experienced some form of these feelings before we naturally want to hop on board with John's emotions and hold on for the ride. The first introduction we have to actual Indians themselves is when we find the Pawnee Indians discussing the idiocy of white men and how they should be destroyed. This band of Indians kill Timmons, a wagon driver who takes John to his new fort, and therefore we feel that our initial stereotypes are justified, however we do not see this through the eyes of John and therefore we are still susceptible to a reforming of our opinions. It is only through John's experiences and feelings that we feel truly attached to what is going on in the film. Throughout his encounters with the Indians, specifically the Sioux, John begin... ...s of the Indian, or have they. There is one last task that must be completed in order for the viewer to complete the enlightenment that was intended. When John is rescued by the Sioux we see that they are capable just like any other tribe of being both brutal, savage, and primeval in their attacks when they are passionate enough about what they are doing it for. In this action we see that the Sioux are therefore not the exception but merely our exception. They show us that the Native Americans were a people unlike any other with a very rich culture, a strong sense of family, and a passion for life that meant you worked hard and played even harder. They were not savages or barbarians in the typical sense they were individuals living together in harmony and strife the only way they knew how, which coincidently worked very well for them until the white man came along.